When to choose the PPP® vs an IPP?

The INTEGRIS Risk Free Rate of Return

Value can come from different sources. Very often, the skill of an investor will generate higher return and the value is said to be due investment management. Some call it the "alpha". Another source of income that is often overlooked, is the ability to reduce one's tax exposure. People contributing to RRSPs are familiar with the fact that by having reduced their taxable income (after contributing to the RRSP) the government has to issue a tax refund. The tax refund is money in one's pocket that has been achieved without any exposure to the vaguaries of the stock market.